Capital script:

Consonants-

Ç/ç- It makes an S sound similar to the German ß

Ş/ş- Pronounced as Sh would be.

Š/š- Is pronounced St or Sk

Ğ-ğ Pronounced as "Y" or "Gy".

Vowles-

İ/ı- Pronounced as "ee"

Ö/ö- Pronounced as "oh"

Ü/ü- Pronounced as "ue"

Ä/ä- Pronounced as "ay"

Ï/ï- Pronounced as "I"

Ȳ/ȳ- Pronounced as "Kh"

X/x- Pronounced as "Zj" or "Zy". Not common in anything other than proper nouns.

Žž- Pronounced as "Ch"

How different accents work in Kardaka- (sort of)

Two dots make an open vowel (ä)

A hat "hardens" the letter (Then vs Thin ---> Ťȟen vs Thin)

A line means that the letter is silent (Jeux ---> Jeux̄)

A "tail" mostly means you say a letter but you close your teeth while saying it. (Ratio ---> Raţio)

Translating to the capital script:

When translating to capital script, remember first to switch the obvious changes

Example- Îuk ---> Šuk

Then remember that the capital dialect is more phonetic and specific than the rural dialect. So instead of A meaning both ay and ah, the ay would instead be replaced with an Ä.

Example: Şaişöc ---> Şäşöc

Example: İnsyý ---> İnsïȳ

Also remember that the gyuh in Ğ is more common and the St in Š is more common.

Although the capital script is considered more "efficient", the truth is that it doesn't change much at all. The Ä and Ï sounds are very uncommon in Kardaka and the Š sound was already dying out in the rural dialect anyway.

Other Examples:

Şişışçtağ ---> Şişıžtağ

Jğonlar ---> Xanlar

Ayşçaȳ ---> Äžaȳ (Pronounced Aychakh)

Ç- Say "ss" and let out the least amount of air possible.

Ğ- Begin saying "ee" but bring your tongue closer to the roof of your mouth until it vibrates-sort of like a mix between Z and J. In some words, it is pronounced as "gy".

Ş- Pronounced Sh

Î- Pronounced as "sk" or "st" depending on the word.

ı- Pronounced only as "ee"

Ö- Pronounced only as "oh"

Ü- Pronounced only as "ue"

Ȳ- Sort of like the Russian "kh"

X- Pronounced as "Zj" or "Zy"

Letters that sound different in Kardaka:

Because Kardashtuku never standardized the use of the letters Ï and Ä, they often use Y to show where these sounds might be.

If they need to make a long "A" sound, they would instead write "ay"; if they wanted to make a long "I" sound, they would just replace it with "Y".

The word "like" would be written as lyk and the word lake would be written as layk.

This is why you don't see a lot of normal "Y" sound in Kardaka words.

The letter "C" makes no "ss" sound, it only makes a "k" sound.

Every vowel should be considered closed if it doesn't have a "Y" after it or if it doesn't have the two dots above it.

The letters "z" and "q" are non-existent in Kardaka.

The letter Z sounds exactly the same as the letter J in the Kardaka dialect. It was removed from the language in 2005

Q was a very uncommon letter and was pronounced exactly like a "k" so it was removed in 2013.

The entire official Kardaka alphabet

A B C Ç D E İ F G H I J K L M N O Ö P R S Ş Ğ T U Ü V W X Y Ȳ Î

Ah Beh Ceh See Deh Eh Ee Feh Guh Huh Ih Jeh Kah Leh Mah Nah On Own Pah Rah Sah Sha Jyuh Tuh Uh Ue Veh Wuh Zyet Eye Khuh Stuk

31 official letters in total.

In-depth Kardaka Letters and Sounds

A/a- Pronounced like the “a” sound in the English word “mat”. When placed before a “y”, it will instead be pronounced like the “a” in “rate”

B/b- Always pronounced like the “b” sound in “beat”

C/c- Pronounced “ts”. There is no real comparison to English.

Ç/ç- Pronounced like the “s” in “slither”. Makes a more snake-like “s” sound. An easy way to think about it is that “ç” will sound more like a “sih”, and “s” will sound more like a “suh”. Is usually adjacent to vowels such as i, e, and y.

D/d- Makes the “d” sound like in “dog”

E/e- Makes the “e” sound like in “net”

İ/i- Makes the “i” sound like in “knit”

F/f- Makes the “f” sound like in “fight”

G/g- Makes the “g” sound like in “go”

H/h- Makes the “h” sound like in “hello”

I/ı- Makes the “ee” sound like in “meet”

J/j- Makes a hard “j” sound like in “joke”. More comparable to the “ch” sound than the “yuh” sound

K/k- Makes a “k” sound like in “make”

L/l- Makes the “l” sound like in “lost” or “bell”

M/m- Makes the “m” sound like in “make”

N/n -Makes the “n” sound like in “no”

O/o- Makes the “o” sound like in “office”

Ö/ö- Makes the “o” sound like in “home”

P/p- Makes the “p” sound like in “protect”

R/r- When placed before a vowel, it makes a rolled “r” sound not comparable to any English word. When placed after a vowel, it makes a standard “r” sound like in “occur”

S/s- Makes a “s” sound like in “sorry”. Makes a deeper sound and usually comes adjacent to vowels like o, u, and a.

Ş/ş- Makes the “sh” sound like in “mash”

Ğ/ğ- Makes a soft “j” sound or a “y” sound like in the German word “ja” or the English word “yes”

T/t- Makes the “t” sound like in “tape”

U/u- Makes the “u” sound like in “fun”

Ü/ü- Makes the “u” sound like in “tune”

V/v- Makes the “v” sound like in “video”

W/w- Makes the “w” sound like in “wait”

X/x- Makes a “zj” sound not comparable to any English word. Just say the “z” sound, and then the hard “j” sound really fast and you got it

Y/y- On its own, makes the “i” sound like in “mine”. Placed after another vowel, it alters it. Turns “a” and “e” into an “a” sound like in “make”, turns “o” into an “oy sound, turns “ö” into an “ow” sound, and turns “u” into an “oo” sound like in “book”

Ȳ/ȳ- Makes a “kh” sound similar to the Cyrillic “X”.

Š/š (Or Î/Į)- Makes a “st” sound like in “stop”. Also sometimes makes a “sk” sound like in “skate”.

Ž/ž (Or Şç/şç)- Makes a “ch” sound like in “chat”

Kardaka doesn’t have a letter for the “th” sound. It is mostly replaced by a “f” sound or a “v” sound. Often times the “th” sound like in “the” will be transliterated as a “vh”, and the “th” sound like in “thing” will be transliterated as a “fh”. Most native Kardaka speakers can’t even pronounce these sounds correctly.

Kardaka-Cyrillic

Examples:

Thank you ---> Taşek şa ---> Taшэk шa

You are welcome ---> Şa wılcömeğ ---> Шa ԝилkѡmэж

Have a good day ---> Hab aȳtağeğ ---> Һaб axтaжэж

See you ---> Şıü şa ---> Шиy шa

How are you ---> Şuçek şa'eğ ---> Шəcэk шaэж

Congratulations ---> Tebrık ---> Tэбриk

Word ---> Kayk ---> Кэйк

Judaism ---> Judayesüm ---> Жəдэйэзум

Territory ---> Bylam ---> Байлам

What are you saying? ---> Şümu değ şa aytü? ---> Шyмə дэж шa эйту?

Kardaka-Arabic

Copy-and-paste

Cyrillic

Аа

Ээ

Йй

Оо

Əə

Ии

Ѡѡ

Уу

Ä/Ay

Эй/эй

Ï/Y

Aй/ай

Хх

Ž/Şç

Чч

Сс

Шш

Š/Î

Цц

Ыы

Жж

Бб

Кк

Дд

Фф

Гг

Һһ

Жж

Кк

Лл

Мм

Нн

Пп

Ққ

Рр

Зз

Тт

Вв

Ԝԝ

Зз

Arabic

A/a

أ

E/e

أ

I/i

نا

O/o

أ

U/u

أ

İ/ı

نا

Ö/ö

أ

Ü/ü

أ

Ä/ä

ي

Ï/ï

نا

Ž/ž

چ

Ȳ/ȳ

خ

Ç/ç

س

Ş/ş

ش

Š/š

س

Ğ/ğ

غ

X/x

ي

B/b

ب

C/c

D/d

F/f

G/g

H/h

J/j

K/k

L/l

M/m

N/n

P/p

Q/q

R/r

S/s

T/t

V/v

W/w

Z/z

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